网页搜索 | OpenAI API

网页搜索让模型能够获取互联网上的最新信息，并在回答中引用信息来源。要启用此功能，请使用 Responses API 中的网页搜索工具；在某些情况下，也可以使用 Chat Completions。

OpenAI 模型主要支持三种网页搜索方式：

非推理网页搜索：非推理模型将用户的查询发送给网页搜索工具，工具根据排名靠前的结果返回回复。模型不进行内部规划，只是转达搜索工具的回复。这种方式速度快，非常适合快速查询。
使用推理模型进行智能体搜索时，模型会主动管理搜索过程。它可以在思维链中执行网页搜索、分析结果，并决定是否继续搜索。这种灵活性让智能体搜索非常适合复杂的工作流，但也意味着搜索耗时会比快速查询更长。例如，您可以调整 gpt-5.5 等模型的推理级别，同时改变搜索的深度和延迟。
深度研究是一种由智能体驱动的专门方法，供推理模型开展深入、长时间的调查。模型在思维链中执行网页搜索，通常会查阅数百个来源。深度研究可能运行数分钟，最好配合后台模式使用。请使用 gpt-5.5，并将推理设置为 high 或 xhigh。

选择集成方式

使用场景	推荐方案	说明
新建网页搜索集成	在 Responses API 中使用 `web_search` 和 `gpt-5.5`	支持托管式网页搜索的控制功能，包括筛选、来源、实时访问控制，以及更长时间的研究任务
现有的 Chat Completions 搜索集成	在 Chat Completions 中使用 `gpt-5-search-api`	仅在需要保留 Chat Completions 集成时使用此方案
多步骤研究或长时间运行的报告生成任务	使用 `gpt-5.5`，并将推理设置为 `high` 或 `xhigh`	对于可能需要数分钟才能生成的报告，请使用后台模式

使用 Responses API 时，您可以在内容生成 API 请求的 tools 数组中配置网页搜索以启用此功能。与其他工具一样，模型可以根据输入提示的内容，选择是否搜索网页。

对于新建的 Responses API 集成，请使用 { "type": "web_search" }。早期的 web_search_preview 工具仍可供旧版集成使用，但不支持 filters、external_web_access 和 return_token_budget 等较新的控制参数。

网页搜索工具示例

JavaScript

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10import OpenAI from "openai";
const client = new OpenAI();

const response = await client.responses.create({
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  tools: [{ type: "web_search" }],
  input: "What was a positive news story from today?",
});

console.log(response.output_text);

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11from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI()

response = client.responses.create(
    model="gpt-6-astra",
    tools=[{"type": "web_search"}],
    input="What was a positive news story from today?",
)

print(response.output_text)

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24package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3"
	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3/responses"
)

func main() {
	client := openai.NewClient()
	response, err := client.Responses.New(context.Background(), responses.ResponseNewParams{
		Model: "gpt-6-astra",
		Tools: []responses.ToolUnionParam{
			responses.ToolParamOfWebSearch(responses.WebSearchToolTypeWebSearch),
		},
		Input: responses.ResponseNewParamsInputUnion{OfString: openai.String("What was a positive news story from today?")},
	})
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(response.OutputText())
}

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17import com.openai.client.OpenAIClient;
import com.openai.client.okhttp.OpenAIOkHttpClient;
import com.openai.models.responses.ResponseCreateParams;
import com.openai.models.responses.WebSearchTool;

ResponseCreateParams params =
    ResponseCreateParams.builder()
        .model("gpt-6-astra")
        .input("What was a positive news story from today?")
        .addTool(WebSearchTool.builder().type(WebSearchTool.Type.WEB_SEARCH).build())
        .build();

client.responses().create(params).output().stream()
    .flatMap(item -> item.message().stream())
    .flatMap(message -> message.content().stream())
    .flatMap(content -> content.outputText().stream())
    .forEach(text -> System.out.println(text.text()));

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15using OpenAI.Responses;
#pragma warning disable OPENAI001

string key = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OPENAI_API_KEY")!;
ResponsesClient client = new(key);

CreateResponseOptions options = new() { Model = "gpt-6-astra" };
options.Tools.Add(ResponseTool.CreateWebSearchTool());
options.InputItems.Add(
    ResponseItem.CreateUserMessageItem("What was a positive news story from today?")
);

ResponseResult response = await client.CreateResponseAsync(options);

Console.WriteLine(response.GetOutputText());

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11require "openai"

openai = OpenAI::Client.new

response = openai.responses.create(
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  tools: [{ type: "web_search" }],
  input: "What was a positive news story from today?"
)

puts(response.output_text)

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8curl "https://api.openai.com/v1/responses" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $OPENAI_API_KEY" \
    -d '{
        "model": "gpt-6-astra",
        "tools": [{"type": "web_search"}],
        "input": "what was a positive news story from today?"
}'

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8openai responses create \
  --model gpt-6-astra \
  --raw-output \
  --transform 'output.#(type=="message").content.0.text' <<'YAML'
tools:
  - type: web_search
input: What was a positive news story from today?
YAML

输出与引用

使用网页搜索工具的模型回复将包含两部分：

一个 web_search_call 输出项，其中包含搜索调用的 ID，以及 web_search_call.action 中记录的执行操作。操作为以下类型之一：
- search，表示网页搜索。它通常会包含实际搜索的查询 queries，但并非总是如此。搜索操作会产生工具调用费用（请参阅定价）。
- open_page，表示打开页面。推理模型支持此操作。
- find_in_page，表示在页面内搜索。推理模型支持此操作。
一个 message 输出项，包含：
- message.content[0].text 中的文本结果
- 所引用 URL 的注释 message.content[0].annotations

默认情况下，模型会在回复中以内嵌引用的形式标注网页搜索结果中的 URL。此外，url_citation 注释对象会包含所引用来源的 URL、标题和位置。

向最终用户展示网页结果或其中的信息时，您必须确保内嵌引用在用户界面中清晰可见且可点击。

1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132[
  {
    "type": "web_search_call",
    "id": "ws_67c9fa0502748190b7dd390736892e100be649c1a5ff9609",
    "status": "completed",
    "action": {
      "type": "search",
      "query": "latest news about AI"
    }
  },
  {
    "id": "msg_67c9fa077e288190af08fdffda2e34f20be649c1a5ff9609",
    "type": "message",
    "status": "completed",
    "role": "assistant",
    "content": [
      {
        "type": "output_text",
        "text": "On March 6, 2025, several news...",
        "annotations": [
          {
            "type": "url_citation",
            "start_index": 2606,
            "end_index": 2758,
            "url": "https://...",
            "title": "Title..."
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
]

使用 Chat Completions API，您可以直接访问 ChatGPT 搜索所用的微调模型和工具。

使用 Chat Completions 时，模型始终会先从网页检索信息，再回答您的查询。要让模型自行决定是否搜索，请改用 Responses API 并配置 web_search 工具。

目前，在 Chat Completions 中进行网页搜索时，请使用以下模型：

gpt-5-search-api

网页搜索参数示例

JavaScript

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15import OpenAI from "openai";
const client = new OpenAI();

const completion = await client.chat.completions.create({
  model: "gpt-5-search-api",
  web_search_options: {},
  messages: [
    {
      role: "user",
      content: "What was a positive news story from today?",
    },
  ],
});

console.log(completion.choices[0].message.content);

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16from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI()

completion = client.chat.completions.create(
    model="gpt-5-search-api",
    web_search_options={},
    messages=[
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": "What was a positive news story from today?",
        }
    ],
)

print(completion.choices[0].message.content)

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23package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3"
)

func main() {
	client := openai.NewClient()
	completion, err := client.Chat.Completions.New(context.Background(), openai.ChatCompletionNewParams{
		Model:            "gpt-5-search-api",
		WebSearchOptions: openai.ChatCompletionNewParamsWebSearchOptions{},
		Messages: []openai.ChatCompletionMessageParamUnion{
			openai.UserMessage("What was a positive news story from today?"),
		},
	})
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(completion.Choices[0].Message.Content)
}

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14import com.openai.client.OpenAIClient;
import com.openai.client.okhttp.OpenAIOkHttpClient;
import com.openai.models.chat.completions.ChatCompletionCreateParams;

ChatCompletionCreateParams params =
    ChatCompletionCreateParams.builder()
        .model("gpt-5-search-api")
        .addUserMessage("What was a positive news story today?")
        .webSearchOptions(ChatCompletionCreateParams.WebSearchOptions.builder().build())
        .build();

client.chat().completions().create(params).choices().stream()
    .flatMap(choice -> choice.message().content().stream())
    .forEach(System.out::println);

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13using OpenAI.Chat;
#pragma warning disable OPENAI001

string key = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OPENAI_API_KEY")!;
string model = "gpt-5-search-api";
ChatClient client = new(model, key);

ChatCompletion completion = await client.CompleteChatAsync(
    [new UserChatMessage("What was a positive news story today?")],
    new ChatCompletionOptions { WebSearchOptions = new() }
);

Console.WriteLine(completion.Content[0].Text);

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15require "openai"

client = OpenAI::Client.new
completion = client.chat.completions.create(
  model: "gpt-5-search-api",
  messages: [
    {
      role: :user,
      content: "What was a positive news story today?"
    }
  ],
  web_search_options: {}
)

puts(completion.choices.fetch(0).message.content)

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11curl -X POST "https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions" \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $OPENAI_API_KEY" \
    -H "Content-type: application/json" \
    -d '{
        "model": "gpt-5-search-api",
        "web_search_options": {},
        "messages": [{
            "role": "user",
            "content": "What was a positive news story from today?"
        }]
    }'

输出与引用

choices 数组中的 API 响应项将包含：

message.content，其中包含模型返回的文本结果及所有内嵌引用
annotations，其中包含所引用 URL 的列表

默认情况下，模型会在回复中以内嵌引用的形式标注网页搜索结果中的 URL。此外，url_citation 注释对象会包含所引用来源的 URL 和标题，以及模型回复中引用这些来源的文本的起始和结束字符索引。

向最终用户展示网页结果或其中的信息时，您必须确保内嵌引用在用户界面中清晰可见且可点击。

12345678910111213141516171819202122[
  {
    "index": 0,
    "message": {
      "role": "assistant",
      "content": "the model response is here...",
      "refusal": null,
      "annotations": [
        {
          "type": "url_citation",
          "url_citation": {
            "end_index": 985,
            "start_index": 764,
            "title": "Page title...",
            "url": "https://..."
          }
        }
      ]
    },
    "finish_reason": "stop"
  }
]

从旧版网页搜索迁移

如果您正在使用	推荐方案	说明
Responses 中的 `web_search_preview`	迁移到 `web_search`	`web_search` 支持 `filters`、`external_web_access` 和 `return_token_budget` 等较新的控制参数
`gpt-4o-search-preview` 或 `gpt-4o-mini-search-preview`	迁移到 Responses 中的 `web_search`；如果必须继续使用 Chat Completions，请使用 `gpt-5-search-api`	预览版搜索模型已弃用，并于 2026-07-23 停用
Chat Completions 搜索集成	使用 `gpt-5-search-api`，或迁移到 Responses 中的 `web_search`，以获得更多工具控制功能，并可选择是否执行搜索	Chat Completions 搜索模型始终会先搜索再回复；Responses 中的搜索则是一种工具

搜索上下文大小

search_context_size 控制模型在生成回复前能从网页搜索结果中获得多少上下文。对于简单查询，请使用 low；如需兼顾各方面的默认设置，请使用 medium；当回答可能需要搜索结果中的更多细节时，请使用 high。此设置不会指定确切的 Token 数量，也不保证特定数量的来源或引用。

设置搜索上下文大小

JavaScript

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14import OpenAI from "openai";
const openai = new OpenAI();

const response = await openai.responses.create({
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  tools: [
    {
      type: "web_search",
      search_context_size: "low",
    },
  ],
  input: "What movie won best picture in 2025?",
});
console.log(response.output_text);

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16from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI()

response = client.responses.create(
    model="gpt-6-astra",
    tools=[
        {
            "type": "web_search",
            "search_context_size": "low",
        }
    ],
    input="What movie won best picture in 2025?",
)

print(response.output_text)

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24package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3"
	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3/responses"
)

func main() {
	client := openai.NewClient()
	tool := responses.ToolParamOfWebSearch(responses.WebSearchToolTypeWebSearch)
	tool.OfWebSearch.SearchContextSize = responses.WebSearchToolSearchContextSizeLow
	response, err := client.Responses.New(context.Background(), responses.ResponseNewParams{
		Model: "gpt-6-astra",
		Tools: []responses.ToolUnionParam{tool},
		Input: responses.ResponseNewParamsInputUnion{OfString: openai.String("What movie won best picture in 2025?")},
	})
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(response.OutputText())
}

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21import com.openai.client.OpenAIClient;
import com.openai.client.okhttp.OpenAIOkHttpClient;
import com.openai.models.responses.ResponseCreateParams;
import com.openai.models.responses.WebSearchTool;

ResponseCreateParams params =
    ResponseCreateParams.builder()
        .model("gpt-6-astra")
        .input("What movie won best picture in 2025?")
        .addTool(
            WebSearchTool.builder()
                .type(WebSearchTool.Type.WEB_SEARCH)
                .searchContextSize(WebSearchTool.SearchContextSize.LOW)
                .build())
        .build();

client.responses().create(params).output().stream()
    .flatMap(item -> item.message().stream())
    .flatMap(message -> message.content().stream())
    .flatMap(content -> content.outputText().stream())
    .forEach(text -> System.out.println(text.text()));

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19using OpenAI.Responses;
#pragma warning disable OPENAI001

string key = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OPENAI_API_KEY")!;
ResponsesClient client = new(key);

CreateResponseOptions options = new() { Model = "gpt-6-astra" };
options.Tools.Add(
    ResponseTool.CreateWebSearchTool(
        searchContextSize: WebSearchToolContextSize.Low
    )
);
options.InputItems.Add(
    ResponseItem.CreateUserMessageItem("What movie won best picture in 2025?")
);

ResponseResult response = await client.CreateResponseAsync(options);

Console.WriteLine(response.GetOutputText());

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16require "openai"

client = OpenAI::Client.new

response = client.responses.create(
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  input: "What movie won best picture in 2025?",
  tools: [
    {
      type: :web_search,
      search_context_size: :low
    }
  ]
)

puts(response.output_text)

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11curl "https://api.openai.com/v1/responses" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $OPENAI_API_KEY" \
    -d '{
        "model": "gpt-6-astra",
        "tools": [{
            "type": "web_search",
            "search_context_size": "low"
        }],
        "input": "What movie won best picture in 2025?"
    }'

开展更长时间的网页研究

return_token_budget 用于控制在 Responses API 中使用 GPT-5+ 推理模型执行搜索时，工具可以返回多少网页搜索结果内容。对于大多数请求，请保留默认值。只有在研究或评估需要投入较多推理、查看大量页面，且可能因达到标准返回 Token 上限而提前停止时，才将其设为 unlimited。

请按需使用 unlimited，因为它可能增加延迟和成本。对于需要长时间运行、执行多次搜索的任务，请使用后台模式（background: true），让请求继续异步运行，以便您稍后获取最终响应。

值	行为
`default`	对网页搜索结果使用标准返回 Token 预算。这与省略 `return_token_budget` 时的行为相同。
`unlimited`	取消此次网页搜索的默认返回 Token 预算限制。

此参数仅适用于使用 GPT-5+ 推理模型进行网页搜索的 Responses API 托管 web_search 工具。它不会改变搜索上下文窗口，也不适用于非推理网页搜索、旧版 Search API 接入方式、容器网页搜索、Chat Completions 搜索模型或 web_search_preview。仅支持 default 和 unlimited 两个值；null、数字及其他字符串均会被拒绝。

运行更长时间的网页搜索

curl

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25import OpenAI from "openai";
const client = new OpenAI();

const response = await client.responses.create({
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  reasoning: { effort: "xhigh" },
  tools: [
    {
      type: "web_search",
      return_token_budget: "unlimited",
    },
  ],
  input: [
    "Research the economic impact of semaglutide on global healthcare systems.",
    "",
    "Do:",
    "- Include specific figures, trends, statistics, and measurable outcomes.",
    "- Prioritize reliable, up-to-date sources: peer-reviewed research, health organizations (e.g., WHO, CDC), regulatory agencies, or pharmaceutical earnings reports.",
    "- Include inline citations and return all source metadata.",
    "",
    "Be analytical, avoid generalities, and ensure that each section supports data-backed reasoning that could inform healthcare policy or financial modeling.",
  ].join("\n"),
});

console.log(response.output_text);

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24from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI()

response = client.responses.create(
    model="gpt-6-astra",
    reasoning={"effort": "xhigh"},
    tools=[
        {
            "type": "web_search",
            "return_token_budget": "unlimited",
        }
    ],
    input="""Research the economic impact of semaglutide on global healthcare systems.

Do:
- Include specific figures, trends, statistics, and measurable outcomes.
- Prioritize reliable, up-to-date sources: peer-reviewed research, health organizations (e.g., WHO, CDC), regulatory agencies, or pharmaceutical earnings reports.
- Include inline citations and return all source metadata.

Be analytical, avoid generalities, and ensure that each section supports data-backed reasoning that could inform healthcare policy or financial modeling.""",
)

print(response.output_text)

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37package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"strings"

	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3"
	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3/responses"
	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3/shared"
)

func main() {
	client := openai.NewClient()
	tool := responses.ToolParamOfWebSearch(responses.WebSearchToolTypeWebSearch)
	tool.OfWebSearch.SetExtraFields(map[string]any{"return_token_budget": "unlimited"})
	input := strings.Join([]string{
		"Research the economic impact of semaglutide on global healthcare systems.",
		"",
		"Do:",
		"- Include specific figures, trends, statistics, and measurable outcomes.",
		"- Prioritize reliable, up-to-date sources: peer-reviewed research, health organizations, regulatory agencies, or pharmaceutical earnings reports.",
		"- Include inline citations and return all source metadata.",
		"",
		"Be analytical, avoid generalities, and ensure that each section supports data-backed reasoning that could inform healthcare policy or financial modeling.",
	}, "\n")
	response, err := client.Responses.New(context.Background(), responses.ResponseNewParams{
		Model:     "gpt-6-astra",
		Reasoning: shared.ReasoningParam{Effort: shared.ReasoningEffortXhigh},
		Tools:     []responses.ToolUnionParam{tool},
		Input:     responses.ResponseNewParamsInputUnion{OfString: openai.String(input)},
	})
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(response.OutputText())
}

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26import com.openai.client.OpenAIClient;
import com.openai.client.okhttp.OpenAIOkHttpClient;
import com.openai.core.JsonValue;
import com.openai.models.Reasoning;
import com.openai.models.ReasoningEffort;
import com.openai.models.responses.ResponseCreateParams;
import com.openai.models.responses.WebSearchTool;

ResponseCreateParams params =
    ResponseCreateParams.builder()
        .model("gpt-6-astra")
        .input(
            "Research the economic impact of semaglutide on global healthcare systems. Include current figures and citations.")
        .reasoning(Reasoning.builder().effort(ReasoningEffort.XHIGH).build())
        .addTool(
            WebSearchTool.builder()
                .type(WebSearchTool.Type.WEB_SEARCH)
                .putAdditionalProperty("return_token_budget", JsonValue.from("unlimited"))
                .build())
        .build();

client.responses().create(params).output().stream()
    .flatMap(item -> item.message().stream())
    .flatMap(message -> message.content().stream())
    .flatMap(content -> content.outputText().stream())
    .forEach(text -> System.out.println(text.text()));

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16require "openai"

client = OpenAI::Client.new
response = client.responses.create(
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  input: "Research the economic impact of semaglutide on global healthcare systems. Include current figures and citations.",
  reasoning: { effort: :xhigh },
  tools: [
    {
      type: :web_search,
      return_token_budget: :unlimited
    }
  ]
)

puts(response.output_text)

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14curl "https://api.openai.com/v1/responses" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $OPENAI_API_KEY" \
  -d '{
    "model": "gpt-6-astra",
    "reasoning": { "effort": "xhigh" },
    "tools": [
      {
        "type": "web_search",
        "return_token_budget": "unlimited"
      }
    ],
    "input": "Research the economic impact of semaglutide on global healthcare systems.\n\nDo:\n- Include specific figures, trends, statistics, and measurable outcomes.\n- Prioritize reliable, up-to-date sources: peer-reviewed research, health organizations (e.g., WHO, CDC), regulatory agencies, or pharmaceutical earnings reports.\n- Include inline citations and return all source metadata.\n\nBe analytical, avoid generalities, and ensure that each section supports data-backed reasoning that could inform healthcare policy or financial modeling."
  }'

域名过滤

网页搜索中的域名过滤功能可将结果限定在一组指定域名内。通过 filters 参数，您最多可以配置 100 个 allowed_domains 或 100 个 blocked_domains。填写域名时，请省略 HTTP 或 HTTPS 前缀。例如，使用 openai.com 而非 https://openai.com/。这种方式也会将子域名纳入搜索范围。请注意，域名过滤仅适用于 Responses API 中的 web_search 工具。

来源

要查看网页搜索过程中检索到的所有 URL，请使用 sources 字段。行内引用仅显示最相关的参考来源，而 sources 会返回模型在生成响应时查阅的完整 URL 列表。来源数量通常多于引用数量。第三方实时数据源也会在此列出，并标记为 oai-sports、oai-weather 或 oai-finance。web_search 和 web_search_preview 工具均支持 sources 字段。

列出来源

curl

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28import OpenAI from "openai";
const client = new OpenAI();

const response = await client.responses.create({
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  reasoning: { effort: "low" },
  tools: [
    {
      type: "web_search",
      filters: {
        allowed_domains: [
          "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",
          "clinicaltrials.gov",
          "www.who.int",
          "www.cdc.gov",
          "www.fda.gov",
        ],
        blocked_domains: ["reddit.com", "quora.com", "wikipedia.org"],
      },
    },
  ],
  tool_choice: "auto",
  include: ["web_search_call.action.sources"],
  input:
    "Please perform a web search on how semaglutide is used in the treatment of diabetes.",
});

console.log(response.output_text);

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32from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI()

response = client.responses.create(
    model="gpt-6-astra",
    reasoning={"effort": "low"},
    tools=[
        {
            "type": "web_search",
            "filters": {
                "allowed_domains": [
                    "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",
                    "clinicaltrials.gov",
                    "www.who.int",
                    "www.cdc.gov",
                    "www.fda.gov",
                ],
                "blocked_domains": [
                    "reddit.com",
                    "quora.com",
                    "wikipedia.org",
                ],
            },
        }
    ],
    tool_choice="auto",
    include=["web_search_call.action.sources"],
    input="Please perform a web search on how semaglutide is used in the treatment of diabetes.",
)

print(response.output_text)

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30package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3"
	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3/responses"
	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3/shared"
)

func main() {
	client := openai.NewClient()
	tool := responses.ToolParamOfWebSearch(responses.WebSearchToolTypeWebSearch)
	tool.OfWebSearch.Filters = responses.WebSearchToolFiltersParam{
		AllowedDomains: []string{"pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "clinicaltrials.gov", "www.who.int", "www.cdc.gov", "www.fda.gov"},
	}
	tool.OfWebSearch.Filters.SetExtraFields(map[string]any{"blocked_domains": []string{"reddit.com", "quora.com", "wikipedia.org"}})
	response, err := client.Responses.New(context.Background(), responses.ResponseNewParams{
		Model:     "gpt-6-astra",
		Reasoning: shared.ReasoningParam{Effort: shared.ReasoningEffortLow},
		Tools:     []responses.ToolUnionParam{tool},
		Include:   []responses.ResponseIncludable{responses.ResponseIncludableWebSearchCallActionSources},
		Input:     responses.ResponseNewParamsInputUnion{OfString: openai.String("Please perform a web search on how semaglutide is used in the treatment of diabetes.")},
	})
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(response.OutputText())
}

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47import com.openai.client.OpenAIClient;
import com.openai.client.okhttp.OpenAIOkHttpClient;
import com.openai.core.JsonValue;
import com.openai.models.Reasoning;
import com.openai.models.ReasoningEffort;
import com.openai.models.responses.ResponseCreateParams;
import com.openai.models.responses.ResponseIncludable;
import com.openai.models.responses.WebSearchTool;
import java.util.List;

ResponseCreateParams params =
    ResponseCreateParams.builder()
        .model("gpt-6-astra")
        .input("Search for how semaglutide is used in the treatment of diabetes.")
        .reasoning(Reasoning.builder().effort(ReasoningEffort.LOW).build())
        .addInclude(ResponseIncludable.of("web_search_call.action.sources"))
        .addTool(
            WebSearchTool.builder()
                .type(WebSearchTool.Type.WEB_SEARCH)
                .filters(
                    WebSearchTool.Filters.builder()
                        .allowedDomains(
                            List.of(
                                "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",
                                "clinicaltrials.gov",
                                "www.who.int",
                                "www.cdc.gov",
                                "www.fda.gov"))
                        .putAdditionalProperty(
                            "blocked_domains",
                            JsonValue.from(List.of("reddit.com", "quora.com", "wikipedia.org")))
                        .build())
                .build())
        .build();

var response = client.responses().create(params);
response.output().stream()
    .flatMap(item -> item.message().stream())
    .flatMap(message -> message.content().stream())
    .flatMap(content -> content.outputText().stream())
    .forEach(text -> System.out.println(text.text()));
response.output().stream()
    .flatMap(item -> item.webSearchCall().stream())
    .flatMap(call -> call.action().search().stream())
    .flatMap(action -> action.sources().stream())
    .flatMap(List::stream)
    .forEach(source -> System.out.println(source.url()));

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37require "openai"

client = OpenAI::Client.new

response = client.responses.create(
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  reasoning: { effort: :low },
  input: "Search for how semaglutide is used in the treatment of diabetes.",
  include: ["web_search_call.action.sources"],
  tools: [
    {
      type: :web_search,
      filters: {
        allowed_domains: [
          "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",
          "clinicaltrials.gov",
          "www.who.int",
          "www.cdc.gov",
          "www.fda.gov"
        ],
        blocked_domains: ["reddit.com", "quora.com", "wikipedia.org"]
      }
    }
  ]
)

puts(response.output_text)
response.output
        .grep(OpenAI::Models::Responses::ResponseFunctionWebSearch)
        .each do |search_call|
          action = search_call.action
          next unless action.is_a?(
            OpenAI::Models::Responses::ResponseFunctionWebSearch::Action::Search
          )

          Array(action.sources).each { |source| puts(source.url) }
        end

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29curl "https://api.openai.com/v1/responses" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $OPENAI_API_KEY" \
  -d '{
    "model": "gpt-6-astra",
    "reasoning": { "effort": "low" },
    "tools": [
      {
        "type": "web_search",
        "filters": {
          "allowed_domains": [
            "pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov",
            "clinicaltrials.gov",
            "www.who.int",
            "www.cdc.gov",
            "www.fda.gov"
          ],
          "blocked_domains": [
            "reddit.com",
            "quora.com",
            "wikipedia.org"
          ]
        }
      }
    ],
    "tool_choice": "auto",
    "include": ["web_search_call.action.sources"],
    "input": "Please perform a web search on how semaglutide is used in the treatment of diabetes."
  }'

图像搜索结果

网页搜索可以在返回常规文本结果的同时返回图像结果。当您的应用需要最新的图像或有网页来源依据的视觉素材时，例如产品照片、地标、地点、活动图像或视觉参考资料，请使用图像搜索。

要使用图像搜索，请将 image 纳入 search_content_types。如果您还需要辅助文本结果来帮助模型总结、排序或解释检索到的图像，请添加 text。

使用 image_settings 控制图像相关行为：

max_results：指定请求的图像结果数量，值须为正数。
caption：请求在可用时提供简短的图像描述。

要查看原始图像结果，请在请求中包含 web_search_call.results，并从响应中读取 web_search_call.results[]。图像结果与助手消息分开返回，因此，当您的应用需要 URL 或元数据时，请直接解析 web_search_call 项。

搜索图像

JavaScript

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22import OpenAI from "openai";
const client = new OpenAI();

const response = await client.responses.create({
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  reasoning: { effort: "low" },
  tools: [
    {
      type: "web_search",
      search_content_types: ["image", "text"],
      image_settings: {
        max_results: 3,
        caption: true,
      },
    },
  ],
  include: ["web_search_call.results"],
  input:
    "Search for recent images and supporting text sources about the Golden Gate Bridge at sunset.",
});

console.log(response.output);

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22from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI()

response = client.responses.create(
    model="gpt-6-astra",
    reasoning={"effort": "low"},
    tools=[
        {
            "type": "web_search",
            "search_content_types": ["image", "text"],
            "image_settings": {
                "max_results": 3,
                "caption": True,
            },
        }
    ],
    include=["web_search_call.results"],
    input="Search for recent images and supporting text sources about the Golden Gate Bridge at sunset.",
)

print(response.output)

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30package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3"
	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3/responses"
	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3/shared"
)

func main() {
	client := openai.NewClient()
	tool := responses.ToolParamOfWebSearch(responses.WebSearchToolTypeWebSearch)
	tool.OfWebSearch.SetExtraFields(map[string]any{
		"search_content_types": []string{"image", "text"},
		"image_settings":       map[string]any{"max_results": 3, "caption": true},
	})
	response, err := client.Responses.New(context.Background(), responses.ResponseNewParams{
		Model:     "gpt-6-astra",
		Reasoning: shared.ReasoningParam{Effort: shared.ReasoningEffortLow},
		Tools:     []responses.ToolUnionParam{tool},
		Include:   []responses.ResponseIncludable{responses.ResponseIncludableWebSearchCallResults},
		Input:     responses.ResponseNewParamsInputUnion{OfString: openai.String("Search for recent images and supporting text sources about the Golden Gate Bridge at sunset.")},
	})
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(response.Output)
}

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33import com.openai.client.OpenAIClient;
import com.openai.client.okhttp.OpenAIOkHttpClient;
import com.openai.core.JsonValue;
import com.openai.models.Reasoning;
import com.openai.models.ReasoningEffort;
import com.openai.models.responses.ResponseCreateParams;
import com.openai.models.responses.ResponseIncludable;
import com.openai.models.responses.WebSearchTool;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

ResponseCreateParams params =
    ResponseCreateParams.builder()
        .model("gpt-6-astra")
        .input(
            "Search for recent images and supporting text sources about the Golden Gate Bridge at sunset.")
        .reasoning(Reasoning.builder().effort(ReasoningEffort.LOW).build())
        .addInclude(ResponseIncludable.of("web_search_call.results"))
        .addTool(
            WebSearchTool.builder()
                .type(WebSearchTool.Type.WEB_SEARCH)
                .putAdditionalProperty(
                    "search_content_types", JsonValue.from(List.of("image", "text")))
                .putAdditionalProperty(
                    "image_settings", JsonValue.from(Map.of("max_results", 3, "caption", true)))
                .build())
        .build();

client.responses().create(params).output().stream()
    .flatMap(item -> item.webSearchCall().stream())
    .map(call -> call._additionalProperties().get("results"))
    .filter(java.util.Objects::nonNull)
    .forEach(System.out::println);

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22require "openai"

client = OpenAI::Client.new

response = client.responses.create(
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  reasoning: { effort: :low },
  input: "Search for recent images and supporting text sources about the Golden Gate Bridge at sunset.",
  include: ["web_search_call.results"],
  tools: [
    {
      type: :web_search,
      search_content_types: ["image", "text"],
      image_settings: {
        max_results: 3,
        caption: true
      }
    }
  ]
)

puts(response.output)

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19curl "https://api.openai.com/v1/responses" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $OPENAI_API_KEY" \
  -d '{
    "model": "gpt-6-astra",
    "reasoning": { "effort": "low" },
    "tools": [
      {
        "type": "web_search",
        "search_content_types": ["image", "text"],
        "image_settings": {
          "max_results": 3,
          "caption": true
        }
      }
    ],
    "include": ["web_search_call.results"],
    "input": "Search for recent images and supporting text sources about the Golden Gate Bridge at sunset."
  }'

每个 image_result 包括：

image_url：该结果的规范图像 URL。
source_website_url：发现该图像的网页。
thumbnail_url：缩略图 URL（如果可用）。
caption：简短的图注或描述（如果可用）。

1234567891011121314151617{
  "output": [
    {
      "type": "web_search_call",
      "status": "completed",
      "results": [
        {
          "type": "image_result",
          "image_url": "https://cdn.example/golden-gate-sunset.jpg",
          "thumbnail_url": "https://cdn.example/golden-gate-sunset-thumb.jpg",
          "source_website_url": "https://example.com/source-page",
          "caption": "Golden Gate Bridge at sunset"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}

用户位置

要根据地理位置优化搜索结果，您可以使用国家、城市、地区和/或时区来指定用户的大致位置。

city 和 region 字段为自由文本字符串，例如分别填写 Minneapolis 和 Minnesota。
country 字段为两字母的 ISO 国家代码，例如 US。
timezone 字段为 IANA 时区，例如 America/Chicago。

请注意，深度研究模型在使用网页搜索时不支持用户位置。

自定义用户位置

JavaScript

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19import OpenAI from "openai";
const openai = new OpenAI();

const response = await openai.responses.create({
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  tools: [
    {
      type: "web_search",
      user_location: {
        type: "approximate",
        country: "GB",
        city: "London",
        region: "London",
      },
    },
  ],
  input: "What are the best restaurants near me?",
});
console.log(response.output_text);

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21from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI()

response = client.responses.create(
    model="gpt-6-astra",
    tools=[
        {
            "type": "web_search",
            "user_location": {
                "type": "approximate",
                "country": "GB",
                "city": "London",
                "region": "London",
            },
        }
    ],
    input="What are the best restaurants near me?",
)

print(response.output_text)

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29package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3"
	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3/responses"
)

func main() {
	client := openai.NewClient()
	tool := responses.ToolParamOfWebSearch(responses.WebSearchToolTypeWebSearch)
	tool.OfWebSearch.UserLocation = responses.WebSearchToolUserLocationParam{
		Type:    "approximate",
		Country: openai.String("GB"),
		City:    openai.String("London"),
		Region:  openai.String("London"),
	}
	response, err := client.Responses.New(context.Background(), responses.ResponseNewParams{
		Model: "gpt-6-astra",
		Tools: []responses.ToolUnionParam{tool},
		Input: responses.ResponseNewParamsInputUnion{OfString: openai.String("What are the best restaurants near me?")},
	})
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(response.OutputText())
}

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27import com.openai.client.OpenAIClient;
import com.openai.client.okhttp.OpenAIOkHttpClient;
import com.openai.models.responses.ResponseCreateParams;
import com.openai.models.responses.WebSearchTool;

ResponseCreateParams params =
    ResponseCreateParams.builder()
        .model("gpt-6-astra")
        .input("What are the best restaurants near me?")
        .addTool(
            WebSearchTool.builder()
                .type(WebSearchTool.Type.WEB_SEARCH)
                .userLocation(
                    WebSearchTool.UserLocation.builder()
                        .type(WebSearchTool.UserLocation.Type.APPROXIMATE)
                        .city("London")
                        .country("GB")
                        .region("London")
                        .build())
                .build())
        .build();

client.responses().create(params).output().stream()
    .flatMap(item -> item.message().stream())
    .flatMap(message -> message.content().stream())
    .flatMap(content -> content.outputText().stream())
    .forEach(text -> System.out.println(text.text()));

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23using OpenAI.Responses;
#pragma warning disable OPENAI001

string key = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("OPENAI_API_KEY")!;
ResponsesClient client = new(key);

CreateResponseOptions options = new() { Model = "gpt-6-astra" };
options.Tools.Add(
    ResponseTool.CreateWebSearchTool(
        userLocation: WebSearchToolLocation.CreateApproximateLocation(
            country: "GB",
            city: "London",
            region: "London"
        )
    )
);
options.InputItems.Add(
    ResponseItem.CreateUserMessageItem("What are the best restaurants near me?")
);

ResponseResult response = await client.CreateResponseAsync(options);

Console.WriteLine(response.GetOutputText());

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21require "openai"

client = OpenAI::Client.new

response = client.responses.create(
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  input: "What are the best restaurants near me?",
  tools: [
    {
      type: :web_search,
      user_location: {
        type: :approximate,
        country: "GB",
        city: "London",
        region: "London"
      }
    }
  ]
)

puts(response.output_text)

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16curl "https://api.openai.com/v1/responses" \
    -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $OPENAI_API_KEY" \
    -d '{
        "model": "gpt-6-astra",
        "tools": [{
            "type": "web_search",
            "user_location": {
                "type": "approximate",
                "country": "GB",
                "city": "London",
                "region": "London"
            }
        }],
        "input": "What are the best restaurants near me?"
    }'

自定义用户位置

JavaScript

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23import OpenAI from "openai";
const client = new OpenAI();

const completion = await client.chat.completions.create({
  model: "gpt-5-search-api",
  web_search_options: {
    user_location: {
      type: "approximate",
      approximate: {
        country: "GB",
        city: "London",
        region: "London",
      },
    },
  },
  messages: [
    {
      role: "user",
      content: "What are the best restaurants near me?",
    },
  ],
});
console.log(completion.choices[0].message.content);

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25from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI()

completion = client.chat.completions.create(
    model="gpt-5-search-api",
    web_search_options={
        "user_location": {
            "type": "approximate",
            "approximate": {
                "country": "GB",
                "city": "London",
                "region": "London",
            },
        },
    },
    messages=[
        {
            "role": "user",
            "content": "What are the best restaurants near me?",
        }
    ],
)

print(completion.choices[0].message.content)

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29package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3"
)

func main() {
	client := openai.NewClient()
	completion, err := client.Chat.Completions.New(context.Background(), openai.ChatCompletionNewParams{
		Model: "gpt-5-search-api",
		WebSearchOptions: openai.ChatCompletionNewParamsWebSearchOptions{
			UserLocation: openai.ChatCompletionNewParamsWebSearchOptionsUserLocation{
				Approximate: openai.ChatCompletionNewParamsWebSearchOptionsUserLocationApproximate{
					Country: openai.String("GB"),
					City:    openai.String("London"),
					Region:  openai.String("London"),
				},
			},
		},
		Messages: []openai.ChatCompletionMessageParamUnion{openai.UserMessage("What are the best restaurants near me?")},
	})
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(completion.Choices[0].Message.Content)
}

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26import com.openai.client.OpenAIClient;
import com.openai.client.okhttp.OpenAIOkHttpClient;
import com.openai.models.chat.completions.ChatCompletionCreateParams;

ChatCompletionCreateParams params =
    ChatCompletionCreateParams.builder()
        .model("gpt-5-search-api")
        .addUserMessage("What are the best restaurants near me?")
        .webSearchOptions(
            ChatCompletionCreateParams.WebSearchOptions.builder()
                .userLocation(
                    ChatCompletionCreateParams.WebSearchOptions.UserLocation.builder()
                        .approximate(
                            ChatCompletionCreateParams.WebSearchOptions.UserLocation.Approximate
                                .builder()
                                .country("GB")
                                .city("London")
                                .region("London")
                                .build())
                        .build())
                .build())
        .build();

client.chat().completions().create(params).choices().stream()
    .flatMap(choice -> choice.message().content().stream())
    .forEach(System.out::println);

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24require "openai"

client = OpenAI::Client.new
completion = client.chat.completions.create(
  model: "gpt-5-search-api",
  messages: [
    {
      role: :user,
      content: "What are the best restaurants near me?"
    }
  ],
  web_search_options: {
    user_location: {
      type: :approximate,
      approximate: {
        country: "GB",
        city: "London",
        region: "London"
      }
    }
  }
)

puts(completion.choices.fetch(0).message.content)

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20curl -X POST "https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions" \
    -H "Authorization: Bearer $OPENAI_API_KEY" \
    -H "Content-type: application/json" \
    -d '{
        "model": "gpt-5-search-api",
        "web_search_options": {
            "user_location": {
                "type": "approximate",
                "approximate": {
                    "country": "GB",
                    "city": "London",
                    "region": "London"
                }
            }
        },
        "messages": [{
            "role": "user",
            "content": "What are the best restaurants near me?"
        }]
    }'

实时互联网访问

在 Responses API 中，控制网页搜索工具是获取实时内容，还是仅使用已缓存或已索引的结果。

在 web_search 工具上设置 external_web_access: false，即可在离线模式下运行，仅使用缓存。
如果您不设置此参数，默认值为 true（实时访问）。
预览版本（web_search_preview）会忽略此参数，其行为等同于将 external_web_access 设为 true。

控制实时互联网访问

curl

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11curl "https://api.openai.com/v1/responses" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $OPENAI_API_KEY" \
  -d '{
    "model": "gpt-6-astra",
    "tools": [
      { "type": "web_search", "external_web_access": false }
    ],
    "tool_choice": "auto",
    "input": "Find when the Eiffel Tower opened to the public and cite the source."
  }'

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11import OpenAI from "openai";
const client = new OpenAI();

const response = await client.responses.create({
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  tools: [{ type: "web_search", external_web_access: false }],
  tool_choice: "auto",
  input: "Find when the Eiffel Tower opened to the public and cite the source.",
});

console.log(response.output_text);

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11from openai import OpenAI

client = OpenAI()

resp = client.responses.create(
    model="gpt-6-astra",
    tools=[{"type": "web_search", "external_web_access": False}],
    tool_choice="auto",
    input="Find when the Eiffel Tower opened to the public and cite the source.",
)
print(resp.output_text)

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24package main

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"

	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3"
	"github.com/openai/openai-go/v3/responses"
)

func main() {
	client := openai.NewClient()
	tool := responses.ToolParamOfWebSearch(responses.WebSearchToolTypeWebSearch)
	tool.OfWebSearch.SetExtraFields(map[string]any{"external_web_access": false})
	response, err := client.Responses.New(context.Background(), responses.ResponseNewParams{
		Model: "gpt-6-astra",
		Tools: []responses.ToolUnionParam{tool},
		Input: responses.ResponseNewParamsInputUnion{OfString: openai.String("Find when the Eiffel Tower opened to the public and cite the source.")},
	})
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	fmt.Println(response.OutputText())
}

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22import com.openai.client.OpenAIClient;
import com.openai.client.okhttp.OpenAIOkHttpClient;
import com.openai.core.JsonValue;
import com.openai.models.responses.ResponseCreateParams;
import com.openai.models.responses.WebSearchTool;

ResponseCreateParams params =
    ResponseCreateParams.builder()
        .model("gpt-6-astra")
        .input("Find when the Eiffel Tower opened to the public and cite the source.")
        .addTool(
            WebSearchTool.builder()
                .type(WebSearchTool.Type.WEB_SEARCH)
                .putAdditionalProperty("external_web_access", JsonValue.from(false))
                .build())
        .build();

client.responses().create(params).output().stream()
    .flatMap(item -> item.message().stream())
    .flatMap(message -> message.content().stream())
    .flatMap(content -> content.outputText().stream())
    .forEach(text -> System.out.println(text.text()));

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16require "openai"

client = OpenAI::Client.new

response = client.responses.create(
  model: "gpt-6-astra",
  input: "Find when the Eiffel Tower opened to the public and cite the source.",
  tools: [
    {
      type: :web_search,
      external_web_access: false
    }
  ]
)

puts(response.output_text)

限制

Chat Completions API

Chat Completions API 仅支持使用专用搜索模型进行网页搜索。这些模型不支持 Responses API 的 web_search 功能，例如域名过滤、完整来源列表、实时访问控制和返回 Token 预算控制。

模型	上下文窗口	限制
`gpt-5-search-api`	200k	使用 Chat Completions 搜索模型接入方式
`gpt-4o-search-preview`	128k	使用 Chat Completions 搜索模型集成方式；已弃用，停用日期：2026-07-23
`gpt-4o-mini-search-preview`	128k	使用 Chat Completions 搜索模型集成方式；已弃用，停用日期：2026-07-23

Responses API

请使用托管的 web_search 工具。Responses API 仍接受 web_search_preview 以兼容旧版集成，但新集成请使用 web_search。

如需更大的模型上下文窗口，请使用 gpt-5.5。网页搜索的上下文窗口仍为 128k。

模型	模型上下文窗口	限制
`gpt-4.1`	1M	搜索上下文上限为 128k
`gpt-4.1-mini`	1M	搜索上下文上限为 128k
`o4-mini`	200k	搜索上下文上限为 128k；已弃用，停用日期：2026-10-23

对于 Responses API 网页搜索，即使模型的上下文窗口更大，搜索上下文窗口仍限制为 128k。

网页搜索不支持推理级别为 minimal 的 gpt-5。
将 gpt-5.4 的推理强度设为 none 时，结果质量可能较低。
Responses API 网页搜索采用底层模型的分层速率限制。
web_search_preview 不支持 filters 或 return_token_budget，并且会忽略 external_web_access。
使用 tool_choice: "auto" 时，搜索是可选的。如果必须执行搜索，请使用 tool_choice: "required" 或明确指定网页搜索工具。

使用说明

API 可用性	速率限制	说明
Responses Chat Completions Assistants	与该工具所用底层模型的分层速率限制相同。	定价 ZDR 和数据驻留

建议

开始使用

核心概念

SDK 与 CLI

资源

旧版 API

选择模型

文本与代码

提示词

推理

图像与视频

实时交互与音频

专用模型

智能体 API

智能体 SDK

ChatKit

搜索与检索

连接工具与数据

构建工具工作流

计算机与代码

媒体

GPT-Live

Realtime API

构建语音应用

连接

音频处理

上线

性能与质量

成本与吞吐量

安全与治理

基础设施与访问

运营

核心概念

Plan

Build

Test and publish

Conversion specs

指南

资源

开始使用

指南

File Upload

API

Measurement

Advertiser API

API 参考

开始使用

基础

探索

可用平台

发布

工作流

能力

参考资料

自定义

配置文件

智能体配置

扩展 ChatGPT 和 Codex 的功能

Linux

Windows

开发工作流

扩展并实现自动化

环境

使用 Codex 构建

第三方集成

参考资料

权限

Codex Security

网络安全

入门

ChatGPT Work

身份与身份验证

工作空间访问权限、策略和模型

插件和连接器控制

使用情况、治理与合规

部署和模型提供商

社区

博客

社区

博客